Immortality is tantalizing close
>> and you think it's possible within the
laws of physics and biology.
>> Yeah. In fact, we know that there's a
clock in our body called the tie that
tracks how long we're going to live and
there's something called talomeorase
which stops the clock which means that
we can live forever. That's the good
news. But the bad news was we found out
that cancer also uses tie and
talomeorase to live forever. And so the
question is can we apply that to humans
without wakening up the cancers? But
this is not science fiction. This is the
future.
>> And for 71 years, you've been studying
physics and how science will shape human
destiny. So how is life likely to be
different in the future?
>> Well, decade by decade, we see the
enormous progress that we humans have
made. For example, we'll probably be on
the moon, maybe Mars, and also the
artificial intelligence will help us to
cure cancer and many diseases. However,
for the first time in human history, we
have the potential of destroying
ourselves with designer germs, nuclear
weapons, perhaps artificial
intelligence. Like this is a quantum
computer. This is so powerful that even
the CIA is worried about the fact that
these could break into any known
computer,
>> including banks, even Bitcoin.
>> That's right. So, capitalism would
vanish. Society would come to a halt.
>> And what about humanoid robots? I would
look seriously at the possibility of
merging with them so that we don't have
a civil war. Realize that we're at the
edge of a knife. You tilt it the wrong
way and there's worlds war. You tilt it
the other way and there's food and
luxury for everyone. And it's up to us
to decide which way the knife will go.
Dr. Moaku, I've waited a long time to
ask someone these questions. Where do
you believe we came from? Do you think
it's plausible that in fact we are
living in a simulation? And then is
there any evidence when we look out at
the stars that there is non-human life
out there?
>> Okay, so first of all,
>> this is super interesting to me. My team
given me this report to show me how many
of you that watch this show subscribe
and some of you have told us according
to this that you are unsubscribed from
the channel randomly. So favor to ask
all of you, please could you check right
now if you've hit the subscribe button
if you are a regular viewer of the show
and you like what we do here. We're
approaching quite a significant landmark
on this show in terms of a subscriber
number. So, if there was one simple free
thing that you could do to help us, my
team, everyone here to keep this show
free, to keep it improving year over
year and week over week, it is just to
hit that subscribe button and to double
check if you've hit it. Only thing I'll
ever ask of you, do we have a deal? If
you do it, I'll tell you what I'll do.
I'll make sure every single week, every
single month, we fight harder and harder
and harder and harder to bring you the
guests and conversations that you want
to hear. I've stayed true to that
promise since the very beginning of the
D ofio and I will not let you down.
Please help us. Really appreciate it.
Let's get on with the show.
Dr. Moaku,
>> that's right.
>> For anyone that isn't aware of you and
your work and they're wondering whether
they should listen to what you have to
say today because they don't know your
work and they've not gone through the
the books and the interviews that you've
done, how would you describe your
experience? I work in something called
string theory which we think is the
theory that eluded Einstein for the last
30 years of his life. The theory of
everything. The theory that explains the
big bang, the formation of stars,
galaxy, formation of the earth, life.
I'm a physicist working in the theory of
everything.
>> What is the theory of everything?
>> An equation perhaps no more than one
inch long that will allow us to quote
read the mind of God. These are
Einstein's words. the theory of the big
bang, the theory of creation itself, the
theory of of everything.
>> I want to explain this in terms that
even the most sort of novice viewer
could understand. The theory of
everything is is an equation that
explains
>> everything.
>> Physics.
>> No, no, no. Everything. Because from
physics comes chemistry, comes
chemistry, comes biology,
>> and from that comes our universe.
>> Is it things like gravity and space and
time? gravity, uh, light, the nuclear
force. Uh, there are four fundamental
forces of the universe. There's the
gravitational force which keeps us here,
the electromagnetic force which lights
up our our world, and the two nuclear
forces. We want a theory that explains
all four.
>> You know, when people watch your
interviews and they read your books,
what do you think is the fundamental
question that they're typically seeking
to answer?
What does it mean for me?
>> What does what mean for me?
>> The physics of the future. That is we
physicists create the future. We're the
ones who understand what is possible,
what is not possible, and what is
plausible. How does that affect the
average person?
>> And there's an element of of all of us
that's just trying to figure out how we
got here, where our place is in the
universe.
>> Yeah. If especially for people who are
philosophical or religious, they want to
know what does it all mean? I mean,
where did I come from? Where's the
universe going? They want to know the
answer to the big questions, the
question of meaning. And that's what we
physicists do.
>> And they want to know if we're alone in
the universe.
>> Oh yeah, that too. That's a byproduct of
what we do is look for extraterrestrial
intelligence.
>> You've been doing this for many, many
decades now. You've been studying the
nature of the universe and physics. Is
there a fundamental misunderstanding
that you're aware of that the average
person still believes? Yeah, people
think that physics is for eggheheads,
that it's just uh doing equations on a
blackboard and totally divorced from the
average person. They don't realize that
everything about their life, about
electricity, about magnetism, about the
nuclear force, about industry,
everything comes from physics. But the
average person thinks that physics is
for eggheheads. It's for equations you
put on a blackboard in a cartoon. Nope.
is everywhere.
>> In the last couple of weeks, you've been
asked to do lots of interviews because
Trump has released the UFO files.
>> That's right.
>> Before we get into lots of other
subjects and physics generally, probably
start by just tackling this question
head on. Do you think that we are alone
in the universe? No, we are not alone
because a galaxy has 100 billion stars
of which maybe 10% have planets that are
earthlike or are similar to Earth. But
the question is, can they visit us? A
Saturn 5 rocket would take 70,000 years
just to reach the nearest star. Hop,
skip, and a jump. 70,000 years. So a
civilization that could reach the earth
would be hundreds thousands of years
more advanced than us. So I'm a
physicist. We look at that space warps.
Is it possible that a flying saucer race
could create a space warp so they can
visit us?
>> Space warp.
>> Bending space.
>> Is that possible?
>> Well, gravity bends space all the time.
The question is, can you bend space
enough so that you can go faster than
the speed of light so you can visit the
nearest star? That's a question mark. We
physicists look at that, but we have no
definite answer. But it's it's possible.
So when these people say that, you know,
I had a podcast uh recently where two
people explained to me that there's been
some very unusual sightings of UAPs.
>> Mhm.
>> And they use this as evidence to say
that aliens exist.
>> Mhm.
Do you think those sightings are
actually extraterrestrial life or do you
think it's just uh people hallucinating
and seeing I don't know light orbs and
misunderstanding what they're looking
at?
>> Well, there are three types of
observations. Close encounters of the
first kind is when you see something in
the sky. First kind.
>> Close encounters of the second kind is
when you have something tangible, an
engine, uh a body, a wreckage of a UAP.
That's second kind. Close encounters of
the third kind is when you actually
encounter them and shake their hand.
Now, where are we? We're at close
encounters of the first kind where we
see things floating in the sky, but we
don't know what they are. We don't have
anything tangible. Now, in science
fiction, we've captured the flying
saucer. We have the aliens in a case or
so. That's the movies. We have yet to
see an alien in in a laboratory. We have
yet to see an alien ship. In other
words, people say, "I saw something."
Now, what does that mean? I'm a
physicist. We go where the we go where
the observation goes. And we have no
observations to verify what you saw.
Except, of course, sensationalists who
say, "I've seen the bodies." Okay, show
us.
>> So, from that, I conclude that you don't
believe alien life has arrived here on
Earth. I don't I I I'm open to the
possibility. 95% of the sightings we can
we can uh explain using the known laws
of physics. 5% are either optical
illusions or they are evidence of
visitation. You can't rule it out. So,
I'm open to the idea that maybe they're
here. Now, President Trump has released
the first mountain load of 160 uh
encounters of alien technology, we
think, but we haven't yet seen a close
encounter of the second kind. When that
happens, that's a game changer. When we
have a piece of UFO hardware, that would
that would nail it to the wall right
there. There's the a narrative that the
US government or generally governments
around the world wouldn't want the
people to know about aliens because
they're not ready for it. Do do you buy
that?
>> That's the traditional uh excuse for not
revealing these things. But the other
excuse is that it's a cover. It's a
cover for the stealth bomber. It's a
cover for the fact that the military
does experiment with aerodynamically
novel forms of transport. And so those
are the reasons why the military keeps
it a secret and actually lies about
these things. But now the it's leaking
out. Congress, the president of the
United States, they're demanding these
these u sightings to be declassified. So
we physicists now are analyzing them to
see whether or not they're really real
or not. Is there any evidence when we
look out at the stars that there is
nonhuman life out there? Is there
anything that you've seen when you look
at other planets and how they're
operating that might suggest there's a
different type of life there?
>> Oh, yeah. But there's no tangible
evidence for it yet, though.
>> Give me one example.
>> Well, uh, for example, take a look at
Alpha Centauri, the closest star system
to the planet Earth, right?
>> How far away is that?
>> Four and a half light years. And if you
take a look at the Alpha Centauri
system, the closest system to the Earth,
you have uh red red stars that could
could have life on them. We're not sure.
They're not super hot, super large, in
which case it would be very difficult to
get life forms off the ground. But the
point I'm raising is that the Milky Way
galaxy, our backyard, has 100 billion
stars. And the probability of life
existing among those stars is almost
100%. The question is can they reach us?
That means is it possible to create a
space warp such that you can break the
light barrier so that you can travel
across the galaxy and visit the earth.
>> And did you say that was theoretically
possible?
>> It's theoretically possible. Yeah. But
of course you need energy, fantastic
amounts of energy. But the laws of
physics do allow for the possibility of
space warps. I mean, you've seen space
warps on Star Trek, but where does Star
Trek get the word space warps? It comes
from physics.
>> I also heard you telling um I think it
was Joe Rogan, you were telling a story
of one particular
star that reduces in its intensity by
20%.
>> Yeah, there is a star that that
oscillates.
>> What does that mean?
>> So, it drops by about 20%. So it's it's
it's reducing its light
>> output
>> by 20%.
>> That's right.
>> How often?
>> You don't have to wait for centuries.
It's within a matter of months to years.
>> A star that reduces frequently reduces
its light output by 20%.
>> Yeah. Which is very unusual. It's the
only one we saw we've seen so far.
>> You explained one of the theories, I
think, when you first talked about this
was that a civilization might have built
something around that star.
>> Oh, yeah. That's one of several theories
that a civilization that advanced would
have tremendous energy needs.
>> Mhm.
>> And the easiest way to get energy is by
encircling the mother star with an
envelope. And the envelope then would
absorb most of the energy. In fact, that
was an episode of Star Trek. They meet a
star that is totally enveloped by a
metal shell. The aliens left it
centuries ago, but you know, it can't be
ruled out. The theory goes that an
advanced civilization will surround it
with like a metal sphere to capture its
energy.
>> Yeah.
>> And that would explain why we see a 20%
reduction in the light output.
>> No, they think that it's probably an
orbiting an orbiting globe that eclipses
the mother star.
>> Ah,
>> rather than envelops the mother star, it
simply goes around the mother star and
eclipses it. Um, so it'd be like a big
ball that that circles the star
extracting
>> and that would cause a dip. It would
cause a dip in the intensity of light.
>> As far as we see it,
>> as far as we see it, right?
>> Because this big ball is sometimes
moving in front of it.
>> That's right. Exactly.
>> Why couldn't it just be a planet?
>> Planets are not that big. Planets are
about about 1% like Jupiter is about 1%
the size of the sun. So the sunlight
would drop by about 1 or 2% if Jupiter
goes in front of our sun.
>> Oh, I've got you. So this is much
bigger. It's huge.
>> You've um
you've written a lot of books
>> about the universe and physics and
everything in between. I've waited a
long time to ask someone this question
and it's a very broad question and the
question is where do you believe that we
came from?
Where do you believe that life came
from? Where do you believe this universe
came from?
>> Well, the universe came from the big
bang. The question is where did the big
bang come from? Right.
>> Okay. So, what is the big bang?
>> The big bang is a cosmic explosion that
took place around 14 or so billion years
ago that uh created the expanding
universe.
>> How do we know that happened?
>> Because we have evidence of this
expansion that took place, you know, 14
or so billion years ago. We see the
stars moving away from us. So, think of
a big balloon. the big balloon with uh
points of light on the balloon and the
balloon is expanding and the stars are
moving away from each other.
>> That's what we see today. Not moving
toward each other. All the stars are
moving away from each other like the
sphere is expanding. And so we believe
in the in the uh the big bang theory and
we believe that the universe is
expanding rather than contracting.
>> Expanding into what?
>> Hyperspace.
>> What's that? Uh well we live in a
four-dimensional universe. Three
dimensions of space, one dimension of
time. We live in a in a four-dimensional
universe. But in string theory, we
believe that there are 11 dimensions
altogether.
>> String theory is something that you came
up with.
>> I came up with string field theory,
which is one of the branches of string
theory. Right.
>> And what is string theory?
>> String theory
says that what is a proton? What is an
electron? They're nothing but vibrations
of a string.
So from a distance, this looks like a
point particle. From a distance, this is
an electron. But if you could magnify
that, we find out it's not really a
point at all. It's really a vibrating
string. And each vibration corresponds
to a node. So this would be a proton.
This would be an electron. This would be
a neutron. This would be a neutrino.
That's why we have so many subatomic
particles.
>> Okay. So to to simplify this in a way
that I understand, you're saying that at
the very base layer, particles are the
same, but they're just strings that are
basically vibrating differently.
>> That's right.
>> And that would be the the sort of
foundational matter of everything.
>> That's right. Everything is basically a
vibrating string. So when the string
vibrates in this direction, we call it
an electron. If it vibrates in this way,
we call it a proton. So, why do we have
so many subatomic particles? How many of
them are there? Hundreds. We've seen
hundreds of subatomic particles. And how
could mother nature be so malicious to
create a universe at the fundamental
level based on hundreds of different
kinds of of strings vibrating in
different directions? Well, it's really
just one string. One string that can
vibrate in different modes. Each mode is
called a particle.
>> Why does it need to be a string?
We don't know why things are. We just
I'm a physicist. We just try to figure
out the way things really are. But it
would explain why there's so many
particles.
We used to think there was an electron,
a proton, and neutron. And that's it.
That's it. Period. Nope. We've seen
pimezones. We've seen lambda particles,
omega particles, hundreds of subatomic
particles. Why do we build atom smashers
outside Chicago, outside Geneva? huge
gigantic atom smashers smashing atoms
apart. Why? Because then from the debris
we begin to figure out these vibrations
are particles.
We can categorize them. We can give them
names and that gives us a quote a theory
of everything.
So we have what is called the standard
model which explains all the subatomic
particles other than gravity. And it and
we create these particles with their
atom smashers
>> which is the big machines where they
fire atoms at each other in in Geneva
and so on around the world to figure out
>> that's the large hon collider right but
now we realize that there's another
octave there's another layer even beyond
what we see with the large hron collider
dark matter
dark matter is invisible matter that
surrounds the Milky Way galaxy and we
don't know what it is there's a Nobel
Prize waiting for somebody who could
figure about what dark matter is. It's
invisible matter. Invisible matter that
surrounds the entire Milky Way galaxy.
We think that we cannot yet prove that
it's nothing but the next octave.
>> What do you mean by octave?
>> Vibration. In other words, this would be
the lowest vibration which is
corresponds to an electron. But their
other vibration is much bigger and they
they would correspond to a higher
octave.
>> How do we know it's there if it's
invisible?
>> Well, this a guess. But it turns out
that when you do the math and you look
at the vibration of a string and you
look at the higher vibrations, some of
them are invisible. In other words, they
don't interact with light. Now, we know
that this interacts with light.
Therefore, we can see it.
>> But these are the lowest vibrations.
Some of the higher vibrations are
invisible. And so, we think that's what
dark matter is.
>> I guess this all comes back to the
question we're talking about the big
bang.
You know scientists tend to agree that
there was some kind of big bang because
when you look at the universe it's
expanding outwards. So one would if you
rewind time at some point there was a
central
point where something where a big an
explosion occurred if you reverse time.
I mean it begs the question
what caused the big bang.
>> Well we don't know but there are
theories. String theory is a theory even
before the big bang. It's a theory of
everything. The big bang in some sense
is a misnomer because it disguise the
fact that we're ignorant. We're ignorant
of what caused the thing to bang. String
theory, there was no bang. That is it
did collapse. If you go backwards in
time, it did collapse with a very small
thing and then came out again. It
bounced. Oh,
>> okay.
>> So, we think that there could be a
bubble bath of universes. What do you
mean by a bubble bath of universes?
>> Our universe is a bubble of some sort
and the bubble is expanding and that's
called the big bang theory which fits
all the data. But we think there are
other bubbles out there. In other words,
string theory says that we live not just
in a four-dimensional world but in a
11dimensional world. These other
dimensions we cannot see but we think
that the universe coexists with other
universes. There's a bubble bath. Think
of bubbles, soap bubbles floating in in
the vacuum.
>> What about marbles? So, when you're
talking about bubbles, you know,
could you mean like kind of like this?
>> Right. Okay. Give me the big one.
>> All of them.
>> All right. Okay. So, let's say this is
the sun.
>> Yeah.
>> And these are planets, asteroids,
whatever. And they're going around
they're going around the sun.
>> Mhm. Why? Why are they going around the
sun like that? Okay, it's because this
exerts gravitational force that is
pulling these things toward toward the
sun.
>> The Earth is just one. Asteroids are
none of the other. Saturn and Jupiter,
they're nothing but planets going around
the mother star. And so then the next
question is why? Why is it that planets
are going around the sun? It's because
the sun is warping the space around it.
Is creating a shallow depression.
Space is not flat. This is Einstein's
achievement. You go in this direction,
seems flat. You go in this direction,
everything seems to be flat, right? But
no, the earth for example is round, but
it looks flat, but it's not. The
universe looks flat, but it's not. It's
curved. And that's why planets go around
the mother star because gravity is the
byproduct of the warping of space. And
that's why we are sitting on this chair
right now. Why are we here? How come
we're not flying in outer space? The
earth is spinning, right?
>> The earth is spinning. We should be
flung out into outer space. So how come
we're here?
>> Gravity.
>> Gra. What is gravity, though? That's
just a word, right? Right? Just because
the mass of the earth is so much greater
than us that it pulls us in.
>> Okay. Well, why is it pulling us in?
Einstein says that the reason why the
earth is pulling us in is because the
earth warps the space around us and is
pushing us into the floor. That's why
the solar system works the way it does
because the sun grabs the planets and
forces the planets to move in a curved
line because it's curved space that is
causing it to move this way.
>> And going back to what you were saying
about the bubble bath idea,
>> right? Then the question is, are there
other stars? Yes. Are there other
galaxies? There billions and billions of
planets out there. We think that the
whole shebang is curved. We're nothing
but inhabitants of the skin of this
gigantic bubble. Now we're saying that
maybe there are other bubbles out there.
A multiverse. A multiverse of universes,
parallel universes. In fact, word
multiverse has gotten into the
literature. Comic books now refer to the
multiverse, Spider-Man and things like
that. So it's even part of the
vernacular the the common language of
the average person that we believe in
parallel universes. So yeah these
parallel universes come from physics
>> and the other thing that comes from
physics is black holes.
>> That's right. If this star becomes so
massive that its gravity is so great
that it pulls the entire shebang in
like this. Mhm.
>> And then that would be a black hole.
And we now believe that at the center of
almost every galaxy we see, and there
are trillions of galaxies, we think that
at the center of these galaxies, there's
a black hole.
>> Even our galaxy, the milk,
>> even our galaxy, right? If you look at
the direction of Sagittarius, the
constellation Sagittarius, there's a
black hole there. So tonight, go
outside, look for the constellation
Sagittarius, and there's a black hole at
the center of our own backyard that
holds the Milky Way galaxy together.
>> So, how did it get there?
>> Well, we think that it's a remnant of
the Big Bang that when the Big Bang
exploded,
clusters of matter begin to contract
other clusters of matter.
>> And this is where the galaxies and the
planets come from. The condensation of
the matter ejected out of the big bang
gives you the galaxies, the solar
systems and the planets.
>> So if I use this as an example, there
was the big bang and all the pieces flew
everywhere
>> and then because of gravity the pieces
came together and they got so
so uh so big so much mass that they
collapsed inwards. We're not sure about
exactly which came first, the galaxy
came first or the black hole came first.
But let's assume for the moment that the
black hole came first. Gas concentrated
into a small area called the black hole
and then it drew all the other stars and
galaxy around it to create the Milky Way
galaxy. We're not sure, but that's one
possibility of where it came from. And
where did that come from? That in turn
came from the explosion that created the
universe roughly 14 billion years ago.
>> Am I right in thinking black holes they
are extremely dense like areas of matter
and they if you were to go near one
everything that goes near it gets sucked
in.
>> That's right. And you never get out
again. If this is a a black hole, there
is a ring or a sphere surrounding it. A
point of no return. You go towards the
black hole and you pass this this ring
and then you go into the black hole
never to be seen again. It's a point of
no return.
>> How do we know that?
>> Well, we've never seen it happen, but we
can calculate the escape velocity. In
other words, if you want to leave the
Earth, how fast do you have to move to
leave the Earth? 7 miles per second. Our
astronauts travel 7 miles per second to
reach the moon. Okay, that's called
escape velocity. So every gravitating
piece of matter has an escape velocity
for the Earth is 7 miles per second.
What about the escape velocity of a
black hole? It's the speed of light.
That's why if you fall through the event
horizon of a black hole, you never come
out because otherwise you would have to
go faster than the speed of light, which
is not possible. So you go in, but you
never come out. That's why it's called
black holes.
>> What's in there?
If you knew, you'd win a Nobel Prize.
>> This area has loads and loads of mass
inside it. It's sucking things into it.
So, one would assume that there was a
lot inside there, but it's tiny, right?
Black holes are tiny.
>> We don't know how big they are. We think
at the very center it could be very
small. We're not sure. No one's ever
been there because if you go past the
event horizon, you never come out again.
>> What do people think is inside a black
hole? I'm thinking of it's just this
area in space that looks black on a when
you look at it and think it can suck in
planets,
anything.
>> If I were to take a guess, I would say
that it's an entrance. It's a gateway
perhaps to another universe.
We think for example if I have a warp
space and you fall into warp space if if
the warp space is powerful enough it may
come out again on the other side. So
there may be another universe on the
other side of a black hole. We're not
we're not sure. Of course, if you want
to go to Alpha Centauri with a Saturn 5
rocket, it would take 70,000 years to
reach the nearest star with our most
powerful rocket. Very impractical. You
need a shortcut and that's uh that's the
gateway called a wormhole which is very
similar to a black hole. A little bit
different but very similar.
>> How long have you been studying physics
in the universe now?
Since I was 8 years old, I've been
studying the universe.
>> 71 years.
>> Yeah. When I was 8 years old, a great
scientist had just died. It was in all
the newspapers and the newspaper said
that he failed on his last try to create
a theory of everything. So, I was
fascinated by this idea that this man
was attempting to find the final theory.
You're talking about Einstein.
>> That's right. Later, I found out the
man's name was Albert Einstein. And at
that point, I said to myself, that's for
me. That's what I want to work on. I
want to be part of this great journey to
complete Einstein's dream of a theory of
everything. And that's what I do for a
living. I work with Einstein's
equations.
>> So, for 71 years, you've been trying to
understand the universe and create this
theory for everything. In that time, how
is your perspective on
God
developed?
>> Yes. Most of my family were Buddhists.
>> Mhm.
>> Coming from Japan,
but my father was a Christian
>> and put me in Sunday school. So, I had
the benefit of two religions as a child.
Now, I'm a physicist.
And physicists are quote agnostic. They
don't take a position. They simply go
where the physics takes them into areas
that are distasteful, mysterious,
whatever. You go where the evidence
goes. And that's what I am today. In
other words, we have the laws of
physics. We have string theory which
takes us to the instant of the big bang
and even before even before the creation
of the universe. But then the next
question is where does string theory
come from? Okay, at that point we have
to say that that's where our ignorance
takes over. We simply don't know.
>> What about simulation theory?
>> Do you think it's plausible that in fact
we are living in a simulation?
>> I would say the answer is probably no.
>> Probably no.
>> That's right. Simulation theory is
basically
saying that the universe is a puppet
show and there's a script. We're we're
living out the script because somebody
is pulling our strings. First of all,
that violates quantum theory. Quantum
theory believes in probabilities.
Probabilities that I'm sitting here
today, probabilities that maybe one day
I'll go into outer space. We can
calculate the probabilities of atomic
events, chemical events with accuracy
that is incredible.
But simulation theory is not one of
them. The theory which was um proposed
by philosopher Nick Bostonramm says that
there's three possibilities logically.
Either number one that um humanlike
civilizations always destroy themselves
before they get to the point where they
can do advanced hyperrealistic
simulations. And if you think about
things like I know virtual reality at
the moment or video games and you
imagine them on a spectrum, if they just
get 1% better a year, at some point they
are indistinguishable from this reality
that we're experiencing now. So theory
one, we wipe ourselves out before we get
to the point where we're advanced enough
in hyperrealistic simulations. Theory
number two, or possibility number two,
is that advanced civilizations do exist,
but they have zero interest in
simulating their ancestors, which would
be us. Or theory number three is that we
are a simulation and civilizations do
survive and they do run millions of
simulations because there would be
millions of fake universes and only one
can be base reality in this scenario and
the mathematical odds are incredibly
high that we are currently living inside
one of those simulations and not in base
reality. Well, my personal point of view
is there there's option four that you
don't mention and option four is that
there is no simulation at all that all
this talk is nothing but fairy tales.
Fairy tales that we tell our children to
amaze them about the universe. But you
see the universe is based on
probabilities. Probabilities that
uranium will fire for example which
gives us nuclear weapons. probability
that hydrogen can fuse and that gives us
stars. So the universe is based on
probabilities not on simulations.
Do you think what we're seeing? This is
a strange question to ask because again
there's so many def definitions within
it but do you think what we're seeing is
real? Like do you think this is you know
cuz people do psychedelic drugs and I
hear about things like DMT. You inhale a
little bit of smoke and suddenly
everything you see is different. And you
meet people talk about how they've met
other types of life when they've taken
an an inhale of DMT, they've interacted
with some type of other life form. So I
guess all this is to say that if our
perceived reality is that fragile where
we inhale one of smoke and suddenly
we're amongst a different life form,
then it makes us question whether this
is real at all.
And also like just to extend it a little
bit further. If one inhalation of smoke
and I guess you could think about that
as a bunch of small particles can
interrupt something in my brain that
causes me to believe that I'm in a
different universe. Then doesn't that
prove that my reality is just the
projection of a very fragile small
amount of particles that are right now
lined up so that I see you and this.
Well, I think the answer to that is that
what you consider to be reality
is really a partial fiction
that your senses are limited by what
your senses can retrieve from the
outside world. But it's only a teeny
weeny little fraction of what actually
exists. Look at the electromagnetic
spectrum of light for example. You can't
see all the ultraviolet radiation, the
infrared, x-rays. This room is full of
realities that you can't see. Most of
what you see is a fragment, a teeny
insyweensy little fragment of reality.
You can't see cosmic rays. You can't see
ultraviolet radiation. So, what I'm
trying to tell you is that you live in
an illusion. It's a good illusion for
survival. But in terms of being able to
see the full spectrum of reality as it
exists, no. There's no way. So you think
reality is everything. Nope. It's only a
tiny tiny insyweensy little fragment of
reality. And then talking about this
reality, that's a fantasy on top of a
fantasy. The first fantasy is that you
think that what you see is real and
everything. That's the first fantasy.
The second fantasy is there's a fantasy
within the first fantasy. So you're
you're going layer upon layer of
fantasies. Now, let me give you another
example. Let's say you hear rustling in
the forest. You think it's a tiger
there. Nine times out of 10, there's no
tiger there. But how come your senses
are constantly alerting you to the
tiger? And that is evolution.
Evolution gives you the ability to see
things that are not really there at all
because it's good for survival. One time
there is a tiger and it saves your butt.
In other words, why are we here today?
We're here today because our senses are
overactive. Our senses think there's a
lion. There's a tiger there. Well,
there's no lion or tiger there at all.
But it was good for our survival. Okay?
So, our senses are only necessary for
our survival. That's why we cannot see
infrared. We cannot see ultraviolet. We
cannot see the whole spectrum of
reality, radio, everything. saying we
can't see it all because it was not
necessary for our survival.
>> Why does life matter in the universe?
Like what what function does life have
in the universe?
>> I think we create our own meaning
individually.
>> I think there's no universal meaning for
life in general, but I think each of us
create our own meaning. I was saying
this because you were talking about, you
know, survival and I was just wondering
if there was some universal reason why
survival is so important to the
universe. But and
>> survival is important for the universe
cuz we survival writes history. If
there's no survival, there's nothing to
write. There's no memories. There's no
uh stories to tell. Nothing. There's
just a vacuum of space.
>> I was also asking that, I guess, because
you were saying how we only see one
version of reality. Mhm.
>> And so one would assume therefore that
there's another version of reality that
we can't even see. I mean I've heard
this before from physicists, you know,
and if you just think about different
animals, the bat sees a different
version of reality to the whale.
>> Like sonar for example.
>> Sonar for example. Even my dog, my dog
seems to see a completely different
version of reality than the one I see.
>> It smells much better than you. Alactory
nerves of a dog are infinitely better
than our alactory nerves in our nose.
They have a different reality. I guess
it begs the question like what is all of
this then?
>> Well, you're talking about the meaning
of life for which I have no answer.
Sorry about that.
>> I guess that was what I was asking but I
wasn't asking that wasn't what I was
intent on asking. But that's the base
question which is what's the point.
>> I'm not even sure if the universe has a
point. But my personal attitude is we
create our own point. We create our own
world and meaning within that world. It
could be different from another person's
meaning and understanding of the world,
but it's good enough for me.
>> What do you think of the um human sort
of proclivity to imagine a god and to
assign meaning and morality to that god
and say, well, you know, cuz we do have
this we do live with this kind of
god-shaped hole in our lives where we
don't really know where we came from. We
don't know what the point is. So, I
understand why it's tempting to say this
book that someone wrote once upon a time
that says this person, this thing
created us and these are the rules and
this is what good is, this is what bad
is, this is what we get if we follow the
rules. You know, as humans, we want
that.
>> Yes. And I think there's a reason for
that. And the answer is evolution. What
holds animals together? The alpha male,
the top dog. As humans became more
intelligent over millions of years,
humans bicker, we argue, we challenge
the leader and then tribes would fall
apart because you need some glue. You
need some glue to hold it together. And
if everyone becomes intelligent
uniformly, there's no glue anymore.
Everyone bickers, I'm the leader. No,
I'm the leader. So on and so forth. So
what happens is one person comes up and
says, I'm stronger than you. and I talk
to somebody even stronger than me, God.
And if you disobey me, then God will
strike you down. In other words, God is
a glue. God is a glue that holds
sensient beings together when there's no
reason to hold them together anymore and
they bicker and they the tribe falls
apart. What holds the tribe together?
God. Who is God? Well, God is not here,
but the son of God is here. And the son
of God says, "You got to do this, you
got to do this, you got to do this, and
you got to obey me." Why? Because I'm
the messenger. I'm the son of God. So, I
think religion has a definite purpose.
The purpose of religion is a glue to
hold sensient, intelligent beings
together.
>> What What do you think consciousness is?
>> Consciousness, I think, is a question of
awareness. the ability to create ideas
about you know why I mean what does it
mean meaning to give meaning to things
otherwise things become meaningless
so I think that's the purpose of
consciousness is to give us an awareness
of meaning do you think um these big
questions will ever be answered around
like where we came from what the point
is do you think we'll ever have answers
to these things
>> probably not however we have this
instinctive urge to to explore,
>> to look for new territories and new
ideas. And that is what I think keeps us
going. Animals do not have that. You
can't tell a dog, aren't you thrilled
that we're going to this new new house,
this new whatever, right? And dog says,
"No, just give me my my dinner." So, I
think that humans are different. The
purpose of the front part of our brain,
the cerebral cortex that holds us
together, it's a time machine.
It asked the question, "What's going to
happen in the future?" If you don't
believe me, go to your dog tonight and
ask your dog, uh, what did he do last
night? Uh,
and the dog will just bark.
No interest in what's happened
yesterday, what's happened tomorrow. We
constantly think about the future. We
can't help it. We are constantly
thinking about what's for dinner
tomorrow, who's my friend, who's my
enemy, what's going to what am I going
to do next year, what college am I going
to go to. We are obsessed with the
future.
That's what separates us from the animal
kingdom. Animals do not care about the
future. They just care about survival.
We, on the other hand, are obsessed with
the future because that's where our
survival lies. And why is that? Because
we don't have claws, we don't have
fangs, we don't have huge muscles, we
can't run very fast, we can't fly. We're
not like the animals. We are dependent
upon the front part of our brain. And
that's why we ask these questions that
you just asked. Why are you asking these
questions? Because you're programmed to
ask these questions. Animals are not.
I mean on the subject of intelligence
there is now new types of intelligence
amongst us. One of them um is referred
to as artificial intelligence
which is actually modeled on how the
brain works. You know I've sat here with
some of the experts in AI and they've
told me that they learned a lot about
the human brain um and how it reasons
and um how it processes information with
these neural nets as they call it which
is um a concept that that has been
inspired by the brain. And with that
they've started to build these very
intelligent machines which a lot of
people are now using in terms of large
language models like chatbt but but
we're going further and further into the
world of artificial intelligence. So I
mean one's going to one would reason
that the future looks very very very
different because of this new type of
intelligence and that it's going to
accelerate maybe a lot of the
discoveries and you know that we've
we've pondered about today but also that
it's going to change life as we know it.
And I mean some people even think that
human life won't be the dominant form of
intelligence in such a world.
What do you think?
>> Yes, I think that is a definite problem.
Right now I think a lot of our robots
have the intelligence of a bug,
>> an insect. They don't plan, they can't
articulate their thoughts and so so
forth. But they carry out orders very
well. But eventually it's only a matter
of time before they become as smart as a
mouse. then as smart as a rabbit, then
as smart as a dog or a cat, and finally
as smart as a monkey. At that point,
they are potentially dangerous.
>> The AI models though that are available
now are PhD level in terms of
intelligence.
>> No, you cannot talk PhD physics with
them. uh they're programmed they're
programmed to have certain ways of
thinking about certain things, but
they're not original. You can't come up
with a new theory of physics talking to
a robot. They basically take what is
programmed into them and work with that.
Now, eventually they may become
creative. Okay. But I think that's going
to take several decades before we are at
that point.
>> When you say creative, what's your
definition of creative in that context?
Robots right now take what is available
to them and rearrange things like
writing a book.
>> Isn't that what humans do? Don't we take
information and rearrange it?
>> Oh yeah, but we come up with new ideas
>> based on that information. The AIS can
make a photo that has never existed
before.
>> So isn't that by definition
>> on the basis of what did exist before?
In other words, something new,
>> but basically a rearrangement of
something that already existed. So, I'm
saying, you know, the Michael Jackson
documentaries just come out recently,
and you see Michael Jackson, the way he
moves, and you look at it and go, "Wow."
Like, no one's ever moved like that
before. And then my friend sent me this
video um which was what Michael Jackson
was actually inspired by, and it's this
um I'll throw it up on the screen so
other people can see, but it was
something that came before Michael
Jackson, and it was this guy who moved
in this very interesting way. And when I
watched this guy, I saw Michael Jackson.
Mhm.
>> And so you look up someone like Michael
Jackson and you go, "Oh my god, an
unbelievable creative genius artist."
But even he was inspired by by See if I
can get it to play. Even you see, even
he was inspired
>> by this individual. And then if I if I
play it forward, I mean, this is how
Michael Jackson moved,
>> right? Well, art, the bottom line of art
is mimicry. That's the bottom line of
art, except you arrange things in an
original way so it looks fresh. Am I
right in thinking that with Newton he
took the existing laws of physics and he
>> which were negligible
>> and he proposed
>> there were no laws of physics before
Newton
>> and he proposed a question.
>> Mhm.
>> And then he tested that question and
found an answer.
>> He asked himself a question. How come
the earth goes around the sun? and he
came up with an idea that was totally
different from what people had had
thought about before. He came up with
calculus. He came up with the inverse
square law. So what I'm saying is true
creativity comes from almost nothing and
it's like a supernova. Well, creativity
of a robot is imitative. Now there's
nothing wrong with that because of
course imitative artwork is still
artwork but it's imitative. Do you
believe people like uh like the big um
AI CEOs and Elon Musk when they say that
AI will lead to new discoveries in
science?
>> That's possible because there's so many
laws of physics that are known that many
of the new laws of physics are imitative
and you rearrange them and combine them
in different ways. So it's possible that
the big breakthroughs of the future will
be guided by breakthroughs of the past.
There's nothing wrong with that. H are
you concerned about AI at all?
>> I'm concerned about AI in the larger
perspective
that one day they can learn to do things
that are bad, learn to kill, learn to
maim to harm people. Realize that every
invention that we've made in the past
like the bow and arrow could be used for
good and bad. Everything. Okay? that the
bow and arrow could be good for game,
for food, for eating, but a bow and
arrow could be good for slaughtering
your your next door neighbor. Any new
invention has a double-edged sword to
it. And so, I think that so far most of
the applications of artificial
intelligence have been positive. We're
talking about labor costs. We're talking
about creating wealth. We're talking
about making things faster, cheaper,
better. That's all great, but you can
also create artificial intelligent
weapons as well. And the battlefield is
where it's happening. And if you take a
look at what's happening in the Ukraine
and uh Russia already, we're talking
about aerial weapons that can use wires
to lock onto their target.
>> And they use artificial intelligence to
guide them with this wire.
and they cannot be stopped using the
usual techniques. For every founder,
there comes a point in building a
company where your job shifts from being
the person inside your business
actioning everything to the person
responsible for absolutely everything.
The only way I've been able to make this
shift across the different companies and
teams I'm responsible for is by knowing
that the right systems are in place to
manage everything. Systems that don't
need me in order for them to work. Our
sponsor, Pipe Drive, is one of those
systems, an easytouse, intelligent CRM
tool for growing sales teams. My teams
use it and have for the last decade
because it's genuinely the most
effective way to run a sales operation.
Through one dashboard, you get every
deal visible and every stage of the
sales process is clear. And what needs
to happen next is all there in real
time. When a system like this works, you
don't need to be in every conversation
to know exactly if your business is
moving forward, where, and what the
blockers are. Over a 100,000 companies
are already running their sales on it.
So, if you'd like to join them, sign up
at piperive.com/ceeo,
where you'll get an exclusive 30-day
free trial instead of the usual 14 days.
No credit card is needed. That's
piperive.com/ceo.
Much of the reason most people haven't
posted content or built their personal
brand is because it's hard and it's
timeconuming and we're all very, very
busy. And if you've never posted
something before, there's so many
factors in your psychology that stop you
wanting to post. What people will think
of you. Am I doing this right? Is the
thing I'm saying absolutely stupid. All
of these result in paralysis, which
means you don't post and your feed goes
bare. I'm an investor in a company
called Stanto, which you've probably
heard me talk about. And what they've
been building is this new tool called
Stanley that uses AI, looks at your
feed, looks at your tone of voice, looks
at your history, looks at your best
performing posts, and tells you what you
should post, makes those posts for you.
You can also just use it for
inspiration. And sometimes what we need
when we're thinking about doing a post
for our social media channels is
inspiration. Building an audience has
fundamentally changed my life, and I
think it could change yours, too. So,
I'm inviting you to give this new tool a
shot and let me know what you think. All
you have to do is search coach.stand
stand.store now to get started.
Going back to this this this question of
the the Big Bang and where we all came
from,
if you had to posit a guess as to what
caused the Big Bang, would you land on
this bubble bath theory that you talked
about where there's just lots and lots
of universes, some of them are
contracting and expanding. Is that where
you would personally land?
>> Probably. If you take a look at empty
space, we now believe that empty space
is frothing. frothing with little
bubbles. Bubbles that pop into existence
and then annihilate and go back into
nothingness again. So even pure
nothingness is chalk full of activity.
And one day we think one day one of
these tiny little bubbles decided not to
go back into the vacuum but to keep on
expanding and expanding and that became
the big bang. And so that theory says
that the universe is dynamic and that
universes are being created all the
time.
>> What about Adam and Eve? And this
>> what about Adam and Eve?
>> Do you don't think the story is true
that there was a a garden, Adam and Eve,
Adam the apple, put your clothes on,
behave yourself and then you know we all
come from there. Well, I think there's
evolution and evolution did create life
forms that are single-sellled,
multi-selled and then cells with a
nervous system like fish and then fish
became land moving uh organisms. So, I
think there's a linear progression.
>> But you don't believe the stories told
in the first testament of the Bible
around how humans came to be. God
created the world in seven days. You
don't believe that stuff?
>> Well, I think it's a fairy tale. I think
it's a very compelling fairy tale, but I
think that even the people who teach
religion realize it as a metaphor that
we don't really mean 24 hours in a day
because that deals with the earth in the
universe. There could be other worlds
where a day is not 24 hours. A day does
not look like what the Bible says in
Genesis. So I think it's a um it's a way
to organize your religion into a way
that is digestible and and people can
understand it and it touches people
which is a which is the purpose of
religion. The purpose of religion is to
touch people to bring them together into
a commonality and that's what the story
of Genesis does. Religion in some sense
is a way to help people to show people
guidance the good life so that you don't
terrorize other people that you make
life better for other people not that it
explains the meaning of existence but it
gives you a reason for existence
>> and you would consider yourself to be an
atheist
>> no uh I'm agnostic I believe that
there's a lot of truth because it's a
way of behaving it's a way of learning
how to be good to your neighbor is a
glue that holds things together. Not
that it gives meaning for life, but it
shows the way.
>> It shows the way. And and the subject of
morality is often so intrinsically
linked to religion, which is what is
good and what is bad. Where does your
morality come from, doctor? Well, I was
in the United States Army for two years
and at that point I had to face death
and I had to face war. It was the height
of the Vietnam War. There were 500 GIS
dying every week. Every week, Life
magazine published an issue where they
had the pictures, just the pictures with
no commentary of all the GIS that died
that week with no commentary. No, I told
you so. Just the pictures of those
people that died. And then I realized
that I would have to put my life on the
line because my number was up and people
were going into the military
and people were realizing well war is
the way people you know work out their
differences.
But then I began to realize being in the
military
that there is a morality there. I began
to realize that the people that we were
fighting had their own religion. They
had their own way of looking at good and
evil and whatever. And they were willing
to sacrifice their life for their own
freedom. I began to question religion at
that point. Is it just a glue that holds
people together? Is there a deeper
meaning to the whole thing? So, one day
I was learning how to throw hand
grenades and our our sergeant who was
explaining to us how to throw hand
grenade had scars on one side of his
face, big scars on his neck. And we
asked him why.
And he said, "Well, one day a little
Vietnamese boy came up to him and the
Vietnamese boy says, "Candy, candy. You
want candy?" And the GI says, "No, no,
no. Get away from me. I don't want
candy. Well, the little boy showed what
was in his hand. It was a hand grenade.
It was not candy at all. And the little
boy threw the hand grenade at the
sergeant. Well, the sergeant immediately
saw what the danger was and he hit the
ground as soon as he could flat on the
ground. The grenade exploded and one
half of his body got saturated with
shrapnel. And then you have to ask
yourself a question. Why would a young
boy do something like this? It's because
he believed in something. And I think
there was a real big lesson for me. And
that is you have to believe in
something. You have to believe in the
goodness of men and also the fact that
men can do evil. And you have to fight
for what you think is right. And
therefore, it's not just a question of
we're number one. We're going to win
this war.
I used to sing a song in the morning. I
want to go to Vietnam. I want to kill a
Charlie Kong. I used to sing that every
morning at 4:00 in the morning. And then
I asked myself now why were we on the
right side of the wrong side? And then
at that point you begin to question what
is right and what is wrong? And then you
realize maybe I'm on the wrong side.
>> Maybe I'm on the wrong side. I mean, it
goes back to all the conflict happening
at the moment because we're
ideologically captured by whatever our
own religious beliefs are and that's
causing us to turn against each other
each other and cause so much pain and
suffering in the world. Do you think
there's any chance that this could at
all change or is this just part of the
human condition? Well, if you take a
look at the human condition, you realize
that warfare has been an integral part
of our evolution as a species. Even in
the animal kingdom, animals will fight
against other animals. And so my hope,
however, is that we're different from
the animals. We have a brain. We can
make moral decisions. Animals do not
understand the meaning of a moral
decision. animals is survival is who's
stronger, who has the food. We don't
necessarily have to engage in that
conflict. And so I would hope that we
use the brain that we have to think
through and create a better world. One
of the things I heard when I was very
young about the universe, and I guess
this was inspired by some theory within
physics, was that there are infinite
amounts of worlds out there. And I heard
this I heard someone say if the world is
infinite that means that there's a
someone like me a Steven Bartlett who
has an identical life to me up there
somewhere out in the stars who's living
a identical life to mine maybe other
than instead of in this cup there's
lemonade instead of coffee. This is what
they call is it called the many worlds
theory where they think there's
theoretically
>> it's a version of the many worlds theory
but most many worlds theory simply says
that there's an infinite number of
universes and worlds out there none of
them necessarily identical to ours but
independent of us that that is a
distinct possibility
>> but if there's infinite numbers that
means there's one just like this
identical to this
>> not necessarily you can have an infinite
number of things that don't repeat so in
other words
>> you necessarily have to have another
civilization that is exactly like ours.
You could, but it's not necessary. If
you believe in an infinite universe,
>> it's true, I guess. Do you think that's
plausible that there's an infinite
number?
>> It's possible. When you look at the when
you look at the night sky,
you're overwhelmed by the majesty of the
night sky and then you realize that
we're nothing but a dot, a dot on this
gigantic disc called the Milky Way
galaxy. And if this is the Milky Way
galaxy, then here we are thinking that
this is the entire universe. This is
nothing but a pinpoint on the Milky Way
galaxy. And how many galaxies are there?
We're talking about trillions of
galaxies that are out there. Each one
containing roughly 100 billion stars.
How are we supposed to feel about this?
I I did this um star tour um a couple of
months ago in LA where all it was was a
guy took me out to a field. not even a
field. It was the desert in Joshua Tree
at nighttime. And he just explained how
far away all the stars are. And then I
looked through a telescope and he was
like, "Okay, this thing you're seeing
here is a galaxy and it's a gazillion
miles that way and this one is a galaxy
as big as the Milky Way and it's a
gazillion miles that way." It made me
feel a lot of things. It made me feel
one irrelevant from a cosmic
perspective. It also relieves one's
anxiety. If anyone's anxious about this
life, you kind of feel like you're not
you don't matter that much. But also, it
can make you feel like it doesn't
matter, like there's no point because I
think there's a certain ego to humans
where we want to think it really,
really, really matters. Now, it might
matter to us, but does it actually
matter to the universe? That does our
lives matter to the universe?
>> Well, I like to think of it slightly
differently. I think on the other side
of the Milky Way galaxy, there's an
alien
>> who's writing the same equation that I'm
writing down right now in different
language, in different notations. But
he's also discovering string theory. And
there are a lot of galaxies out there,
each one with an individual saying,
"Gee, I think I discovered something new
about the universe." And these laws are
universal.
The equations that I'm writing down
right now are identical in different
language with equations that they're
writing down billions of light years
from us. And that gives me a sense of
oneness.
It gives me a sense that wow, we're part
of a a fellowship. We're part of a
camaraderie. We're on the same quest, a
quest to understand the nature of matter
and energy. We're on the same boat. Even
though we're speak different language,
even though we're on different sides of
the universe, we're all part of the same
club. Don't you think it's plausible
that we're going to destroy ourselves
before we we ever figure that answer out
or before we get to meet these aliens?
Because the technology we've been able
to create so far like nuclear weapons
and even things like AI, you play this
forward just on, you know, you talked
about probabilities being the most
important thing. The probability that
one of these egoomaniacs who has the
launch codes for a nuclear weapon at
some point decides that they're unhappy
or they feel threatened is pretty high
if you just extend time. I mean, the
probability goes up theoretically with
every year that passes that someone is
going to do make a mistake that wipes us
out. And the more advanced our science
gets, presumably, I mean, again, I'm
just theorizing, the higher the
probability that we create something
that can destroy ourselves.
>> Well, I like to look at it slightly
differently. I say to myself, what is
the smallest unit of history?
And I say it's the decade. Anything
smaller than a decade, you get random
fluctuations, noises, accidents taking
place on a decade. But if you look at
human history, decade by decade by
decade, you realize that oh my god, just
a few decades ago, it was horse and
buggy. Before that, we we just uh had
plows. Before that, we were barbarians.
And you begin to realize that we've come
a long ways. Not that we hit the end,
but we've come a long ways just in the
decade by decade analysis of the history
of the human race.
>> And we've got closer to being able to
destroy ourselves.
>> That that's true, too. Because before we
couldn't destroy ourselves. Now, for the
first time in human history, we have the
potential of destroying ourselves with
designer germs, with nuclear weapons,
with perhaps artificial intelligence. We
didn't have that capability before. And
it's only been in the last 80 years or
so as a consequence. So I think that
first of all it means that every decade
tremendous progress is made. There's no
doubt about that. But second we're a
knife's edge. You tilt it the wrong way
and there's world war. You tilt it the
other way and there's food and luxury
for everyone. And it's up to us to
decide which way the knife will go. But
my point is decade by decade we see the
enormous progress that we humans have
made. The next question is what about
the next few decades? That's a big
question mark.
>> Do you think humanity are going to be
able to travel out there amongst the
stars and become multilanetary like
someone like Elon Musk is um planning?
>> Well, I think it's for certain that
we're going to go not just to the moon
but to Mars and maybe even beyond that.
Then maybe not in our lifetime but in
our grandchildren's lifetime we may
break through and visit other planets
within our our solar system. Now to go
beyond that would require some sort of
warp drive because of the fact that the
nearest star is probably orbiting Alpha
Centauri which is 4 and a half light
years away from the planet Earth. So you
realize it would take hundreds if not
thousands of years to begin the
colonization of the nearby star systems.
There should be a button just down below
here. And if it says subscribed, you're
already subscribed. If it says
subscriber, that means you're not yet.
And if you're not subscribed, please
could you do us a favor and hit that
button? It helps the show more than you
know. And according to the algorithm,
you're someone that watches our show,
but you haven't yet hit that button.
Thank you so much. If you could answer
any one mystery of the universe, you
know, I just I had it down here, the
answer. What What would you seek to
answer? Well, it's what I'm seeking for
my entire life. And that is we want that
one equation which is the secret of the
universe. We have the electromagnetic
force equation that's like half an inch
long. We have the equation for gravity
that's also about half an inch long. So
why not the theory of everything maybe
an inch long? We're not there yet, but I
think it does exist. And if we were to
find it, that would give us an
understanding of the entire universe.
And I think we're very close.
>> You think we're close?
>> I think we're close.
>> What makes you think we're close?
>> Because so far the theories that we do
have almost like magic. You look at the
history of the equations of physics and
you realize they get they get simpler
and simpler and simpler with time. You
can write down Newton's equation back
equations the equation for the nuclear
force on one sheet of paper. One sheet
of paper. The force that governs gravity
we don't have that yet. But we have the
other forces and the equations are very
simple. And that's why I think that the
final equation will also be simple. One
of the things that uh that sometimes
inspires me is that when you look at
nature or when you look at something
like the human brain, you see the same
patterns as you see when you look up out
at the stars. And one of the I mean I'm
so fascinated by the nature of the human
brain because it seems to be so so
powerful. And it also seems to have
patterns we see in the wider universe.
Do you ever think about this about the
brain and how astonishing it is as a as
a thing? Well, when I look at the
animals, that makes me triply impressed.
The fact that animals cannot share in
that, that we see a universe that the
animals cannot see. We see patterns. We
see meaning. We give rhyme and reason to
what we see. With animals, it's just
where's my dinner?
>> Do you think the brain is as fascinating
as the universe is fascinating?
>> I think the universe is more
fascinating. No matter how fast we are
with physics and the mathematics of
physics, pure mathematics is still more
more profound. You wrote this book
called The Physics of the Future: How
Science Will Shape Human Destiny and Our
Daily Lives by the Year 2100?
If I was alive in 2100, based on
everything you know about physics, what
am I likely to see, experience? How is
life likely to be different in that
future? Well, I think we'll probably be
on the moon, maybe to Mars, and perhaps
even dream about sending the first space
probes. Even beyond that, we're talking
about being able to
use artificial intelligence to send
probes out there. Of course, we're not
going to go to the stars. That's that's
a few hundred years into the future, but
I think that we will begin to to
understand the solar system within this
century.
And this also means that we'll have
artificial intelligence,
a cure for cancer, and maybe one will
aid the other. Maybe artificial
intelligence will help us to cure cancer
and many diseases and longevity. Perhaps
we'll begin the process of solving the
immortality crisis.
>> Do you think we will be able to live
forever in the near future?
>> I think there's a possibility that we
may have an indefinite lifespan. I think
that's a possibility. And you think it's
possible within the laws of I guess
physics and biology?
>> Yes. Um at the end of our chromosomes of
every cell, there's something called the
tiemers. And the tieummers are like a
clock. They get shorter every time a
cell reproduces. And when the tiemer
gets so short, it frays, falls apart,
and you die. So we have a time limit.
We've also discovered talomeorase, a
chemical that stops the clock. This was
incredible when it was first announced
that if there's a clock in our body
called the tie that tracks how long
we're going to live and there's
something called tomease which stops the
clock then can we live forever? Well,
that was the good news. Then the bad
news was we found out that most of to
our shock cancer also uses tieumirs and
tomeorase to live forever. Why does
cancer kill you? Because they are
immortal in principle they could they
could live forever. And so it means that
the secret of immortality is tantalizing
close. We do know that there are cells
that make immortality possible but
there's a price to pay. The price to pay
is you don't want cancers to also follow
you. So here's the trick of the game. We
have a whole bunch of top people in the
sciences and medicine looking for ways
to extend the human lifespan with the
tie without wakening up the cancers that
make cancer possible. One of the uh
things you wrote a book about two years
ago in or three years ago now in 2023
and that's when it was published. Um is
this thing here?
That's right. What is this?
This is
the future. This is a quantum computer.
It's a computer that computes not on
transistors, which is oldfashioned. It
computes on atoms. Think about that. The
ultimate object beyond the transistors
that you can compute with is the atom.
And how do transistors work? Transistors
can be up or down. Up or down. It's
called digital.
>> Can you demonstrate that on there? And
this is your other
>> Yeah. So, think of this as a cell. And
the cell could either be switched on.
>> Yeah.
>> Or switched off. If you take a computer
and open it up, what do you find?
Switches like this. They're called
transistors. transistors that tell you
whether it's on or off.
>> Now that's digital. This is the
revolution of today. This is the
revolution of tomorrow.
Not just up or down of in between. How
many states are there between zero and
one in principle? An infinite number of
states between zero and one. So this is
the basis of a digital computer. Mhm.
>> This is the basis of a quantum computer.
Quantum computers are so powerful that
even the CIA is worried that one day,
perhaps in the future, they'll be so
powerful they'll be able to break into
any known digital code. So even the CIA
is worried about the fact that these
could become so powerful that they allow
you to break into any known computer. So
these are called quantum computers. Why
are they powerful? Because they compute
not on transistors. They compete on
atoms. And you can't get much smaller
than an atom and have stable matter. But
that's what quantum computers can do.
And they exist. This is not science
fiction. They already exist. So just to
simplify this in a way that I can
understand it, normal computers are very
very simple like this switch. They they
kind of exist in a linear direction
>> up or down on or off
>> kind of binary yes or no.
>> That's right. Whereas a quantum computer
is more like this where it can it can
process information in so many different
directions at the same time so that it's
going to be way more powerful
>> way more powerful way down
>> and I was looking recently and Google um
did an announcement not actually this
year where they basically set a deadline
for the cyber security world and they
started to warn governments and banks
and other tech giants that because they
have a quantum computer now that is very
very powerful
They're worried that it will be able to
crack a lot of the digital worlds that
we all rely on, including banks, even
Bitcoin, which was quite interesting.
And they've set 2029
as the the deadline for everybody to get
their together. This is a massive
threat to things like Bitcoin, which is
Bitcoin is essentially secured by a
equation that they believe quantum
computers are going to be able to very
easily crack. And if they do that, then
everyone's Bitcoin, for example, is um
is at jeopardy. But beyond Bitcoin, what
does the world look like in a world
where we have these incredible
computers? Well, first of all, who's
doing this work? And it turns out the
CIA is following this work very
carefully because with this, you'll be
able to crack any code. Why is it that a
thief cannot steal your bank account
today? is because that thief does not
have your digital code. If a thief had
your digital code, there goes your life
savings out the window. Capitalism would
vanish. Society would would come to a
halt. There'd be civil war. It'd be all
sorts of chaos taking place. But codes
are there not to be broken. To break a
code, you have to have another code. And
so the CIA and other organizations
create these very complicated codes that
you have to master. Quantum computers
can do it, but we're not there yet. But
it's coming. I don't know when. Some
people say in a few decades. Some people
say sooner. I don't know. I just know
that the world is gambling that we'll
find a way to stop quantum computers
from breaking into digital computers.
>> You've been working on physics for the
last what we said what 71 years as a
kid. I I was reading about how you
started making your own atom smasher. I
guess you'd call it a particle collider
machine.
>> That's right. When I was in high school.
That's a very strange thing for a high
school kid to be doing.
>> Well, I was fascinated by the work of
Einstein and the work of people working
on subatomic particles and I got
interested in antimatter.
>> Antimatter.
>> Antimatter is the opposite of matter.
When I combine matter and antimatter, I
get a bomb. So, you have to be very
careful that you don't marry matter with
antimatter. And antimatter behaves the
opposite of ordinary matter. If ordinary
matter goes clockwise in magnetic field,
antimatter goes counterclockwise in that
same magnetic field. And so as a science
project, I wanted to photograph the
tracks of antimatter. So I got hundreds
of miles of copper wire, built a cloud
chamber, and I was able to prove that I
could photograph the tracks of
antimatter. And for that, I won grand
prize at the San Francisco Science Fair.
And that began my my career. Just before
I graduated from high school, I decided
to top that by creating an atom smasher
at 2.3 million electron volt betatron
particle accelerator.
It consumed 6 kilowatts of power.
Everything that my mother's house had,
it would absorb. And that was the goal
to build a machine that would create my
own beam of antimatter. So I got started
very early. And I said to myself, this
is for me. This is what I want to do for
a living.
>> Every time I've tried to improve
something in my life, like my
businesses, my health, my relationships,
I've noticed that the biggest shifts
have come from being better informed.
And when it comes to our health, most of
us know very, very little. So when our
team was approached about partnering
with function health, it felt very much
aligned. Their team has developed a way
of giving you a full 360 degree view of
your health, many of the things that are
going on in your body in the form of
different tests. You do one blood draw
and it gives you access to over 160 lab
results. Hormones, heart health,
inflammation, stress, toxins, the whole
picture. I use it and so have many of my
team members.
>> You sign up and you schedule your test
and once you're done, you get a little
report like the one I have here. I can
see my inrange results, my out of range
results, and there's a little AI
function, too. So, if I have any
questions about my out of range results,
I can just go in there and ask it any
question I want. And these tests are
backed by doctors and thousands of hours
of research. It's $365 for a yearly
membership. Go to
functionhealth.com/doac
and use the code DOAC25
for $25 off your membership. I've done
almost 700 interviews with some of the
most interesting people in the world.
And one of the things you learn which is
unexpected is that vulnerability is the
doorway to connection. And after sitting
here for 2 three hours with a guest, I
feel a deep sense of connection to them.
And as they leave, what I get them to do
is to write a question in the diary of a
CEO. We've taken all of the questions
from the diary of a CEO. We have put the
question here on this card with the name
of the person that wrote it. So, you can
sit at home as I do with my fiance and
my colleagues at work and other people
in my life. Whenever we get a minute, we
play the diio conversation cards and it
is incredible what happens. These are
great if you're in a romantic
relationship and you want to connect
your partner more. These are also great
if you're in a team and you want to bond
your team together. And I have to say
they're also great for families that
want to learn more about each other and
that need a good excuse to spend some
time in a digital world in the analog
environment connecting human to human.
It is remarkable what the right question
at the right time can do. Go to the
diary.com
and you can get these conversation cards
right now. Is there anything you
discovered through your work in physics
that changed your daytoday behavior and
life? How you treat people, how you show
up, what you think matters?
>> No, but the one thing that did change my
attitude toward life, other people was
being in the army. Yeah, that was a game
changer that changed everything I knew
or which I thought I knew. Before then,
I was single-mindedly focused on
physics. Just physics. do physics. Well,
that was my life. But after seeing
warfare up close, I began to realize
there's more to life than warfare. I
think I asked this in part because last
time I spoke to a physicist and he
talked to me about how the nature of
reality is not what I think it is and
that there's multiple, I guess,
dimensions and that I'm only seeing a
fraction of what is real. Um, which I
think all physicists agree upon. It
sounds a bit like a conspiracy theory or
something, but actually logically it
makes a lot of sense to only see what
you need to see to survive. And
actually,
>> when you see your conception of the
threedimensional world is only the
tiniest sliver of actually exists.
>> And when I heard that, it made me
openminded to
a lot of the things I thought were
conspiracy nonsense. It made me
open-minded to ghosts. Maybe ghosts are
real.
>> Well, I wouldn't go that far. Well, you
know, maybe another dimension where
there's another there's spirits that can
see me, but I can't see them.
>> Well, there could be other such
dimensions. That's within the realm of
possibility.
>> What do you think happens when we die?
Do you think do you think that's it? Or
do you think there are there's a
possibility that there's ghosts and that
our spirit, our soul goes somewhere?
>> I don't see it happening because your
brain, your personality, your thoughts
are electrical. And when you die, the
electricity turns off. There's nothing
propelling thinking anymore. Thinking
requires a lot of energy. Even ghosts,
if ghosts exist, they would still
require a lot of energy to keep the
thoughts going. But that's why I don't
believe in ghosts because I don't see an
energy source that propels the ghosts.
People talk a lot about spirituality.
They talk about, you know, things like
chakras and a lot of spiritual people
talk about vibrations. It's a phrase
that I often hear in the spiritual
communities. Do you believe in anything
like that in terms of humans having
energies and being able to feel each
other's energies?
>> Well, I think that if a person emanates
a certain aura or a vibe, that doesn't
necessarily mean they're radiating
something.
>> But is there any physics behind that
idea?
>> I think it's psychological that you are
tuned tuned into a certain personality,
a certain way of movement. I think it's
psychological rather than physical.
>> What is what is something you believe
that you haven't proven?
>> Well, there's a lot of things that
haven't been proven. All I can say is
maybe, maybe not. Like flying saucers. I
don't say they don't exist or they
exist. I say maybe. I just haven't seen
concrete evidence for them. That's all.
So, there's a lot of things that I'm not
going to definitely say no. Like ghosts.
I don't think they are ghosts, but I
can't prove it.
Maybe there is some afterlife of some
sort, but it does go against what is
measurable. We've seen no measurement of
somebody that has been able to pick up
vibrations from a ghost.
>> How would you like to be remembered
someday long after you're gone? Do you
care about being remembered? Do you care
about legacy?
>> Well, I care about leading a good life
that I feel comfortable with.
>> Mhm. And if you if your books and your
teachings and your lectures, if they
live on beyond you, that's a bonus. It
means that you had an impact. It means
you touched people. You touched people's
lives with ideas. And when I go down the
street, quite a few people come up to me
and they say, "I saw you on this show. I
saw you on that show." And that gives me
a nice feeling. Of course, after I'm
gone, there's no no nothing to feel. But
while you're still alive, it gives you a
nice feeling know that you've had an
impact, knowing that you've changed
somebody's life. Several people have
come up to me and said, "I became a
physicist because of you." So that's uh
a nice nice way to view reality that you
touch people.
Is there is there anything that you used
to think was a conspiracy theory that
you now know to be true?
>> Well, I like to debunk. So as soon as
someone says something outlandish, I say
to myself, sure, sure.
>> But that's what I mean, like you've, you
know, you're a debunker. So at some some
stage in your life, you must have had
the experience of thinking something
can't be true and being proven wrong.
>> Usually when I make predictions, they
come out to be true. Maybe the timeline
is a little bit exaggerated, but they
turn out to be true. So I haven't made
any predictions or observations that
were later shown to be false. What
predictions are you making now then
about the the nature of reality in the
future?
>> Well, I talk about the nature of string
theory in the future, whether or not we
really will have a theory of everything.
Flying saucers, I talk about the fact
that even though we have no evidence
today, you know, there's a mountain of
these things being declassified. Now,
maybe we'll pick up shreds of evidence.
>> Did you look at the declassified
information that Trump released on UFOs?
>> Yeah, I've looked at the whole the whole
batch 160 or so sightings. Was there
anything in there that was compelling to
you?
>> No, just lights dancing in the sky
without any commentary. So, you don't
know what they are.
>> But they could be extraterrestrial,
but you see, these things are
two-dimensional. They're taken by a
camera, which is flattens the image.
>> Therefore, to judge distance is very
tricky.
Do you believe that you're looking at
extraterrestrial
life forms when you watch these videos
of your
>> I'm open to the idea. I don't think
there's any smoking gun yet. I'm open to
the idea that these are
extraterrestrial.
>> You see some of them going up and then
down and then into the ocean and coming
back up again. Do when you watch that,
do you think these are aliens or do you
just think it's people that have
misunderstood what they're looking at?
>> I leave open the probability that it
could be one or the other. There's no
aha moment where I say that it's nothing
but reflection. It's nothing but an
optical illusion. There's no aha moment.
If you had to bet everything you love
and cherish on either side of the fence
that non-human life had made contact
with the earth at some point in some
form or not, which side would you place
everything you love and care about on?
Yes, aliens have made contact with the
earth in some form or no? Well, I would
have to say I don't know
>> if you but if you had to
>> I know it's a copout. No,
>> but you know as if everything on the was
on the line, one would have to move yet
to yes or no. And I would personally
I would personally probably say
probably no. If you made me bet
everything,
>> I'd say maybe yes.
>> You'd say yes.
>> But no, no, no, no. Maybe yes. Very
important. The word maybe. I'm a I'm a
scientist and somebody's going to use
that against me by saying you said on
television that this and this is true.
No, I said maybe. That doesn't mean it
actually is true. It just means I open
the possibility that it's true. But if
you were held at gunpoint, doctor, and
at gunpoint they said right, you've got
to say yes or no. And if you're right or
wrong, that determines your fate.
>> I would have to say maybe. I know what
you're getting at. You want to like, you
know, corner the fox, right?
>> Yeah. Well, to some degree, yeah, I'm
trying to corner the fox. Um, but I'm
but I'm doing it to understand where
your intuition or your your bias lands
because
>> I see there's not enough conclusive
evidence. There's no aha moment. I just
see a lot of may.
>> A lot of may. H Yeah, I think I I mean,
I think that's probably the
intellectually honest answer is maybe.
Um, but if I was forced to fall on one
side of the fence, I'd I'd probably say
no
because I don't have enough conviction
to say yes. I see no evidence to say yes
other than, you know, some sightings of
some things, but I'm open-minded. Maybe
it'll change. Um, doctor, we have a
closing tradition on this podcast where
the last guest leaves a question for the
next guest, not knowing who they're
leaving it for. And the question left
for you in my diary is,
what is the best strategy to deal with
failure?
I think the best strategy to deal with
failure is try it again.
I think on the first try, you're bound
to make mistakes because it's a learning
curve. And that learning curve is is
instructive. It teaches you. It teaches
you to try it again, but make a slight
change. make a slight change and hope
that change is in the right direction.
If not, make another change and see
whether that puts you in the right
direction.
>> If you could um go back to when you were
that seven-year-old kid that was just
getting into physics and 8
>> year old 8-year-old
>> and give him any advice that would best
serve him for the next 70 years. What
advice would you have given him?
>> I'd say carry on. I've made a lot of
decisions that I feel good about,
decisions that made me a better person.
For example, when I went into the army,
at that point, I thought, what could be
worse than facing death on the
battlefield to die on some unnamed hill
in some unnamed land? And then I began
to realize, well, yeah, that's a
possibility, but there's another
possibility that you may survive, that
you may learn from that experience. If
you're not here to learn, okay, so be
it. But if you are here to learn, you
gain wisdom by being in the military.
And that I think is a positive thing.
>> We we were talking about UFOs and alien
life. Um, at the start of this
conversation, and one of the questions
that's adjacent to it is if alien life
were to come here at some point, do you
think they would have empathy for us or
do you think that's potentially a human
trait? Do you think they, you know,
because in the movies they attack us?
>> Well, if I were to shoot in the dark,
I'd say first of all, they're robotic.
They're not organic at all.
>> Really,
>> because they exhibit maneuvers that
would crush the bones of any any living
creature that we know of. These flying
saucers can zigzag. They can dive from
70,000 ft all the way down. They can
dive underwater. These require skills
and tensions and vibrations that would
crack any known US device in half. And
there they are executing these things.
Either they're fake or they're
extraterrestrial.
So I think that they have a technology
that we can only dream of.
>> So when we're looking at these UAP
images and videos, if they are to be
real, then you're saying there's no life
in them at all and it's actually just
machine intelligence. That's right. In
fact, that's probably one reason why
they don't come out and greet us like in
the movies. In the movies, they always
come out and say, "Hello, Earth man."
No, I personally think they're robotic.
>> This question of empathy, do you posit
that they might be empathetic? Do you do
you posit they would want to destroy us?
I mean, what would
>> Will they destroy us or will they want
to? The answer, I think, is no because
they could have done it years ago. You
realize that if you go back, even the
Bible makes reference to a UFO. If you
take a look at Ezekiel,
Ezekiel saw the wheel in the sky. And
some people say there was no wheel. That
was a UFO.
So, who knows for sure. But if the
aliens really wanted to destroy us, they
could have done it years ago. They don't
have to wait. But if you go to a zoo,
even if the zoo is lifelike to the point
where the animals themselves don't even
know they're in a zoo, it's peaceful
that you can observe them without
necessarily uh revealing your presence.
And in that sense, it could be like
living in a zoo. Not that they want to
gawk at us and laugh at us, but just
observe us.
>> So you think that they will be they
won't want to destroy us, which is
comforting to hear. I think if they had
the chance to destroy us and they wanted
to, they could have done it decades ago,
but here we are.
>> It's an interesting idea when you talked
about um this extraterrestrial life
potentially being robotic. It does my It
kind of makes sense to me because we're
on a course to create humanoid robots
and robots that um can I was actually
watching this morning. There's a video
that one of these humanoid robot
companies is streaming and it's they're
streaming a humanoid robot working on a
production line for 4 hours straight so
everybody can watch and all it's doing
is sorting packages out but it's been
going for 4 days straight and if you
play this forward you go this robot can
go walk across the office and it can
charge itself back up once it runs out
of battery and then they show it going
back to work again when I say play it
forward I mean imagine this technology
continues to improve on the trajectory
it's on the battery technology gets
better the intelligence gets But uh and
then theoretically this robot will be
able to build a spaceship theoretically
and travel into the universe
theoretically at some point if you
imagine any rate of improvement. So it's
the theoretical that okay humans might
not be able to survive the crushing
forces of that speed but a robot could.
>> My personal attitude is that we should
eventually merge with them.
>> Merge with the robots.
>> That's right. That's my personal feeling
because people talk about whether
they're good, whether they're bad. so on
and so forth. Well, the bottom line is
they're going to become more powerful.
And not now, but who knows, maybe in the
next century, they'll begin to make
reasonable choices. They'll reason.
They'll plot future histories. And at
that point, they could be potentially
dangerous.
So, what do we do? Either we become
super powerful and meet the challenge or
we merge with them.
>> When you say merge with them, what do
you mean?
>> Become like that. become part robotic
oursel, become superhuman.
>> As in when we're born as kids, maybe we
have an implant and it makes us turns us
into a robot or
>> Yeah. In other words, we are still
looking the same except we have
superhuman abilities and our brain is
connected either directly or by remote
control to a central nervous system that
does the calculations and performs these
calculations much better than we can and
um we become superhuman. This is the uh
the video that I'm talking about. This
is actually a live video. So, this is
live as we're watching.
>> What they've got is they've got a human
being here who's sorting the packages
and they've got they've got the humanoid
robot here
>> and they're just counting how many
packages each of them can sort.
>> Mhm.
>> And this robot has been doing this for 4
days straight.
>> Yeah.
Anyway, you play this forward and it
asks a big question about the future of
humanity when there's humanoid robots
that
>> Well, I think menial jobs will go out
the window like this. Jobs that are
repetitive, jobs that just require your
arms and legs, those jobs will be
gradually phased out and new jobs will
open up.
New jobs that require thinking, human
relations, organizing, directing other
people. Robots can't do any of that
stuff. Robots simply do what they're
told to do repetitively. Okay? We make
decisions. We know how to interface with
other things. We plot. We plan. Robots
can't do that. Now, that doesn't mean
they can't eventually, but it just means
that the next step beyond this will be
robots that can do a little bit of
mental work. And it means that we have
to retrain the workforce so that they
can become uh masters of the robots.
In other words, we are masters of tools,
hammers, saws, whatever. We're the
master of them. They're not the master
of us. Okay? We tell the hammer and the
and the chisel what to do because we
lord over them.
>> Have you used AI agents before?
>> I've used AI before, but not necessarily
which which agent are you talking about?
>> So, I've got like on my phone, I can
say, I need a new umbrella for my patio
outside my house.
>> Yeah.
>> And it will go on the internet. It will
look at the prices. It will look at
everything. It
>> Yeah. Well, I can just type on the
computer screen a question
>> and the computer will come up with an
answer.
>> But you you were talking about planning
there. So, I was saying that the agent
basically makes a plan and then it
spends a couple of it could spend an
hour executing that plan.
>> Oh, you mean not just coming up with the
plan, but actually executing the plan.
>> It can do both. But I'm just saying you
were talking about how um humans have
this, you know, this ability to make
decisions. I'm saying that the AI agent
is making decisions like a human would.
No, you tell them what to do. The
computer is probably programmed to look
for a reference like an encyclopedia, a
handbook, the internet. In other words,
if you say, "I want to know the best
car," it'll carry that out by looking at
the internet going through different
cars, it doesn't need you to tell it
that. But if you were to ask something
more complicated, go to the supermarket
and buy me some eggs. No robot can do
that.
>> Have you been to LA? Cuz if you're in
LA, there's all these robots strolling
around the streets delivering food. They
deliver food in LA.
>> Oh, yeah. But that's just crawling on a
sidewalk.
>> That's what That's what humans do.
>> I thought you meant driving a car.
Driving a car and going up the stairs
and whatever. That's just going on a
sidewalk,
>> which is what human does.
>> Yeah, but humans can do a lot more.
>> Okay. Thank you so much, doctor. I
appreciate your time today. And I've
learned so much about all of these
fascinating things. And as always when I
listen to your content, I find myself
more curious about the nature of
reality. And I realize how little we
know, which makes me and I guess
thousands of other people that have
followed your work cuz I was going
through your videos earlier on and so
many of the top comments are people
saying that you're the reason they
worked harder in their physics classes.
>> Oh, really?
>> Yeah. I was on a couple of the podcasts
that you've been on and so many of the
top comments say exactly that. They say,
"You're the reason I worked harder.
You're the person that made me more
curious." And I just think that's such a
wonderful thing because as you said at
the start, physics is the basis of
everything.
>> Yeah.
>> And uh the more we understand, the
better the lives we could live,
>> right?
>> Thank you so much.
>> Okay. Well, thank you.
>> YouTube have this new crazy algorithm
where they know exactly what video you
would like to watch next based on AI and
all of your viewing behavior. And the
algorithm says that this video is the
perfect video for you. It's different
for everybody looking right now. Check
this video out and I bet you you might
love it.